As the source of information acquisition, sensors are the bridge connecting the physical world and the digital world, and have become an indispensable cornerstone of the information society. It converts various physical quantities, chemical quantities, or biological characteristics into detectable and digitized electrical signals, and is our primary tool for perceiving the world. Sensors play a crucial role in fields such as scientific research, industrial production, national defense and security, and medical health.

With the continuous advancement of technology, sensors have evolved from discrete devices into intelligent sensing microsystems that integrate functions such as information acquisition, processing, transmission, and power supply, known as high-end sensors. Their digital, miniaturized, and intelligent features are very prominent. However, it is precisely because of its high-precision attributes that high-end sensors have become a core "bottleneck" technology facing China.

There are three reasons why high-end sensors have become a "bottleneck" technology: firstly, they involve numerous new principles, materials, and devices, which are closely related to the innovation of basic science and technology, and are directly applied to complete equipment, serving end users, and closely related to various industries. Secondly, sensors gather cutting-edge technologies from multiple disciplinary fields, with the characteristics of interdisciplinary integration, large industrial investment, and prominent dual intensity of technology and funding. Finally, sensors have a wide range of applications, diverse technological categories, and a wide distribution of products and industries. Each solution has its own special requirements.

So, what can high-end sensors bring us? In the forefront of technological innovation, sensors are the "pioneers". Throughout the history of technological development, breakthroughs in core sensor technology have driven the formation of world science centers, and numerous Nobel Prizes have been won without the support of cutting-edge sensors and instruments. In the main battlefield of the national economy, sensors are "multipliers". It has almost penetrated into all aspects of social production and life, such as the integration of a large number of sensors in smartphones, greatly enhancing their functions and entering a new era of intelligence. In addition, the sensor industry itself has a huge market size, and the output value created by the upstream and downstream industrial chains it drives is astonishing.

In national strategic projects, sensors are even more of a "winner". Its performance and quality directly determine the performance and quality of major equipment and strategic products. Taking high-speed rail as an example, sensors play an indispensable role in train monitoring and maintenance, track health monitoring, and train safety protection. In healthcare, sensors are the "diamond" that provide doctors with a basis for diagnosis and treatment. In national defense and security, sensors are the "combat power", and modern warfare is, in a sense, a war of sensors. Various high-end sensors play a decisive role in precision guidance, situational awareness, target strikes, and other aspects.

However, the current development status of high-end sensors in China is not optimistic. Although the scale of China's sensor market continues to grow, global leading enterprises occupy about 60% of the domestic market share, especially in the high-end sensor market, where about 80% of China's sensors rely on imports. In addition, there are still gaps in China's innovation ecosystem, design tools and R&D platforms, advanced materials and core components, high-end chips and process equipment in the sensor industry.

To become a strong sensor country, China needs to continue to make efforts in the following areas: first, pay attention to the integration of industry and education, strengthen the deep correlation and integration of talent cultivation and industrial development, cultivate high-end talents, and promote technological innovation. The second is to strengthen collaborative innovation, coordinate planning and rational layout of various innovative elements such as government, enterprises, universities, research institutes, users, financial institutions, etc., to achieve efficient operation and sustainable and healthy development of the entire sensor industry. The third is to increase demonstration applications, organize innovation around major national engineering tasks, important strategic equipment, and social and economic needs, promote industrial agglomeration, and form an ecological chain of the sensor industry.

In short, as the cornerstone of the information society, the importance of sensors is self-evident. Faced with the bottleneck technology of high-end sensors, China needs to increase investment, strengthen innovation, promote the rapid development of the sensor industry, and contribute to the goal of becoming a technological powerhouse.

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